-
- 素材大小：
- 2.47 MB
- 素材授權(quán)：
- 免費(fèi)下載
- 素材格式：
- .ppt
- 素材上傳：
- chenrong
- 上傳時(shí)間：
- 2018-04-23
- 素材編號(hào)：
- 191835
- 素材類(lèi)別：
- 課件PPT
-
素材預(yù)覽
這是英漢語(yǔ)言對(duì)比ppt，包括了What Is Language Transfer，Two Types of Transfer，Negative Transfer，Examples of Negative Transfer等內(nèi)容，歡迎點(diǎn)擊下載。
英漢語(yǔ)言對(duì)比ppt是由紅軟PPT免費(fèi)下載網(wǎng)推薦的一款課件PPT類(lèi)型的PowerPoint.
What Is Language Transfer?
Transfer is the influence resulting from the similarities and differences between the target language and any other language that has been previously acquired . Odlin (1989: 27)
遷移是由于目標(biāo)語(yǔ)與已經(jīng)習(xí)得的語(yǔ)言之間的相似和差異而產(chǎn)生的影響。
Two Types of Transfer
Negative Transfer (負(fù)遷移)
Errors arise from analogy. 類(lèi)推會(huì)產(chǎn)生錯(cuò)誤。
Positive Transfer （正遷移）
Errors decrease by analysis. 分析能減少錯(cuò)誤。
Negative Transfer (負(fù)遷移): Interference (干擾)
Causes:
analogical use of one’s prior knowledge of the mother tongue 母語(yǔ)先知結(jié)構(gòu)的類(lèi)推運(yùn)用
scanty knowledge of differences between the two languages 對(duì)兩種語(yǔ)言的差異所知甚少
unconscious falling back on the mother tongue speech habit 不自覺(jué)地回歸母語(yǔ)的言語(yǔ)習(xí)慣
Examples of Negative Transfer
1. The writer likes writing at light (night).
Phonological transfer (語(yǔ)音遷移)
The sound /n/ does not exist in some Chinese dialects and /l/ serves as a substitute. 在有些中國(guó)方言（如南京方言）中沒(méi)有/n/這個(gè)輔音，而用/l/來(lái)替代。
Examples of Negative Transfer
2. He only eat two meal a day.
Morphological transfer （詞形遷移）
Neither nouns nor verbs have inflections in Chinese. 在漢語(yǔ)中，名詞和動(dòng)詞都沒(méi)有形態(tài)變化。
Examples of Negative Transfer
3. Shanghai is said to have thirteen million population.
Collocation transfer (搭配遷移)
The noun renkou， the Chinese equivalent of ‘population’， can have a numerical pre-modifier. Population的漢語(yǔ)對(duì)應(yīng)詞“人口”在漢語(yǔ)中可以用前置數(shù)詞來(lái)修飾。
Examples of Negative Transfer
4. He suggested me to accept this offer .
Syntactical transfer (句型遷移)
The verb jianyi， the Chinese equivalent of ‘suggest’， can be used in VOC pattern in Chinese. Suggest的漢語(yǔ)對(duì)應(yīng)詞“建議”在漢語(yǔ)中可以用“動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+補(bǔ)語(yǔ)”的結(jié)構(gòu)。
Examples of Negative Transfer
5. -- Your English is wonderful.
-- No， no. My English is still poor.
Pragmatic transfer (語(yǔ)用遷移)
The negative reply to a compliment is considered in Chinese as modest and courteous. 對(duì)贊揚(yáng)的否定回答在漢語(yǔ)中被視為謙虛有禮貌。
Two Types of Transfer
Negative Transfer
(負(fù)遷移)
Errors arise from analogy.
類(lèi)推會(huì)產(chǎn)生錯(cuò)誤。
Positive Transfer
（正遷移）
Errors decrease by analysis.
分析能減少錯(cuò)誤。
Lacking inflection in the strict sense 缺少?lài)?yán)格意義的形態(tài)變化
老師們、同學(xué)們
我的爸爸、你的媽媽
認(rèn)真的態(tài)度、 認(rèn)真地學(xué)習(xí)
Retaining some inflections保留一些形態(tài)變化
v.（動(dòng)詞）: tense， aspect， voice， mood
n.（名詞）: number， case， gender
pron.（代詞）: person， gender， case， number
adj.（形容詞）: degree
ad.（副詞） : degree
Contrast Between English and Chinese
Chinese
Meaning-focused with emphasis on
implicit coherence
(隱性連貫)
Paratactic
語(yǔ)義型語(yǔ)言
(以意統(tǒng)形)
English
Form-focused with emphasis on
explicit cohesion
（顯性聯(lián)接）
Hypotactic
形態(tài)型語(yǔ)言
(以形馭意)
Chinese: left-extending， heavy-headed like a lion
樹(shù) 一棵樹(shù) 一棵大樹(shù) 一棵枝繁葉茂的大樹(shù)
校園里一棵枝繁葉茂的大樹(shù)
海事大學(xué)校園里一棵枝繁葉茂的大樹(shù)
臨港新城海事大學(xué)校園里一棵枝繁葉茂的大樹(shù)
……
English: right-extending heavy-tailed like a peacock
This is the cat.
This is the cat that killed the rat.
This is the cat that killed the rat that ate the malt.
This is the cat that killed the rat that ate the malt that lay in the house.
This is the cat that killed the rat that ate the malt that lay in the house that was built by Jack.
…
Contrast Between English and Chinese
Chinese
Chinese: left-extending， heavy-headed like a lion
獅子型語(yǔ)言
English
English: right-extending heavy-tailed like a peacock
孔雀型語(yǔ)言
英語(yǔ)（視點(diǎn)固定) -- 漢語(yǔ)(視點(diǎn)游移）
我要揍你。
你敢！
敢又怎么樣？
那你就試試吧！
試試？哼，你等著瞧！
等著瞧？我才不怕呢！
不怕，好，那你休想逃走。
誰(shuí)逃了？來(lái)呀，你揍��！
Contrast Between English and Chinese
Chinese
moving point of sight
（視點(diǎn)流動(dòng)）
English
fixed point of sight
（視點(diǎn)固定）
Chinese: bamboo-like sentence structure （竹式結(jié)構(gòu)）
從前這里有一個(gè)漁村，村里住著十戶人家，這十戶人家全靠打魚(yú)、種地 為生，生活艱苦，但很安寧。
開(kāi)始家人是不讓父親抽煙的，得了絕癥后，想開(kāi)了，抽吧，揀好的買(mǎi)，想抽就抽。
English: tree-like sentence structure （樹(shù)式結(jié)構(gòu)）
As a nation of gifted people who comprise about one-fourth of the total population of the earth， China plays in world affairs a role that can only grow more important in the years ahead. -- Jimmy Carter
Contrast Between English and Chinese
Chinese
bamboo-like sentence structure （竹式結(jié)構(gòu)） with different sections linked and yet separated
English
tree-like sentence structure （樹(shù)式結(jié)構(gòu)）with different parts connected like branches and sub-branches to the trunk line
Contrast Between English and Chinese
Chinese
Order of linguistic elements: relatively fixed like bamboo-making （制竹）
（語(yǔ)序相對(duì)固定）
English
Order of linguistic elements: relatively flexible like block-building （積木）
（語(yǔ)序相對(duì)靈活）
Contrast Between English and Chinese
Chinese
Meaning-focused with emphasis on
implicit coherence
(隱性連貫)
Paratactic
語(yǔ)義型語(yǔ)言
(以意統(tǒng)形)
English
Form-focused with emphasis on
explicit cohesion
（顯性聯(lián)接）
Hypotactic
形態(tài)型語(yǔ)言
(以形馭意)
Contrast Between English and Chinese
Chinese
Chinese: left-extending， heavy-headed like a lion
獅子型語(yǔ)言
English
English: right-extending heavy-tailed like a peacock
孔雀型語(yǔ)言
Contrast Between English and Chinese
Chinese
moving point of sight
（視點(diǎn)流動(dòng)）
English
fixed point of sight
（視點(diǎn)固定）
Contrast Between English and Chinese
Chinese
bamboo-like sentence structure （竹式結(jié)構(gòu)） with different sections linked and yet separated
English
tree-like sentence structure （樹(shù)式結(jié)構(gòu)）with different parts connected like branches and sub-branches to the trunk line
Contrast Between English and Chinese
Chinese
Order of linguistic elements: relatively fixed like bamboo-making （制竹）
（語(yǔ)序相對(duì)固定）
English
Order of linguistic elements: relatively flexible like block-building （積木）
（語(yǔ)序相對(duì)靈活）
Contrast Between English and Chinese
Astonishment and even horror oppressed him.
Excitement deprived me of all power of utterance.
The sight of the big tree always reminds me of my childhood.
他感到驚訝甚至恐懼。
我興奮得什么話都說(shuō)不出來(lái)。
我一看到那棵大樹(shù)就想起了童年的情景。
Contrast Between English and Chinese
They are paid for this.
The difficulties have been overcome， and the problem solved.
Table tennis is played all over China.
Why should all these unpleasant jobs be pushed on to me?
他們拿錢(qián)就是干這事的。
困難克服了，問(wèn)題也解決了。
打乒乓球風(fēng)靡中國(guó)。
為什么總要把這些麻煩事推給我？
Contrast Between English and Chinese
She is the best hater I’ve ever known.
There is a crying need for a new remedy.
It was only my capacity for hard work that saved me from early dismissal.
我所認(rèn)識(shí)的人中數(shù)她最會(huì)記仇。
現(xiàn)在急需想出新法子來(lái)補(bǔ)救。
要不是我能干重活，早就給辭退了。
Contrast Between English and Chinese
2. The image of the rolling water carrying the man and his car away in an instant is still imprinted on my mind.
頃刻之間，滾滾的濁水連人帶車(chē)一古腦兒都給沖走了。這情景，直到現(xiàn)在還印在我的腦海里。
Contrast Between English and Chinese
He was impressed by Deng Xiaoping’s flexibility.
Their eccentricity often makes you frown.
We stepped onto the mysterious land with caution and uneasiness.
他對(duì)鄧小平的靈活態(tài)度印象深刻。
他們的古怪行為常常令人皺眉。
我們懷著謹(jǐn)慎和不安的心情踏上了那片神秘的國(guó)土 。
Contrast Between English and Chinese
If you don’t compare， you’re in the dark， but the moment you do， you get a shock.
2. As Tom has failed to come due to his sudden illness， we have to ask you to take his place.
不比不知道，一比嚇一跳。
（比較：如果不比，你就不知道，一旦比了，你會(huì)嚇一跳。）
湯姆突然病了，沒(méi)能來(lái)，我們只好請(qǐng)你頂他。
（比較：因?yàn)闇吠蝗徊×�，所以他沒(méi)能來(lái)，因而我們只好請(qǐng)你頂他。）
Contrast Between English and Chinese
He is a smart， eloquent， upright and well-informed lawyer.
2. She was an intelligent， attractive and somewhat temperamental daughter of a well-to-do doctor.
他是一位律師，腦子靈，口才好，為人正直，見(jiàn)多識(shí)廣。
他是一位律師，聰明、善辯、正直，而且有見(jiàn)識(shí)。
她聰明、漂亮、愛(ài)耍點(diǎn)小脾氣，是一個(gè)家道小康的醫(yī)生的女兒。
Contrast Between English and Chinese
The onlooker sees most of the game.
旁觀者看比賽更清楚。（當(dāng)局者迷，旁觀者清。）
2. In calamity， one sees the true friendship.
在患難中，人們才能看到真正的友情。
（疾風(fēng)知?jiǎng)挪荩茧y見(jiàn)真情。）
3. He is about 40， in the very prime of life.
他四十左右，正年富力強(qiáng)。
He is about 20， young and vigorous.
他二十左右，年輕力壯。英漢語(yǔ)言的對(duì)比ppt：這是英漢語(yǔ)言的對(duì)比ppt，包括了What is grammar，Morphological contrastive study，Case in English and Chinese，Gender in English and Chinese，Mood in English and Chinese等內(nèi)容，歡迎點(diǎn)擊下載。
中西餐桌禮儀對(duì)比英文ppt：這是中西餐桌禮儀對(duì)比英文ppt，包括了How much do you know about table manners?Manners in the West，Helping Yourself and Refusing，Noise and Smoking，Drinking等內(nèi)容，歡迎點(diǎn)擊下載。
兩個(gè)企業(yè)對(duì)比ppt：這是兩個(gè)企業(yè)對(duì)比ppt，包括了企業(yè)背景：民企VS國(guó)企，戰(zhàn)略定位及市場(chǎng)表現(xiàn)，組織架構(gòu)、管控模式及決策機(jī)制，土地獲取，產(chǎn)品，標(biāo)桿企業(yè)研究借鑒建議等內(nèi)容，歡迎點(diǎn)擊下載。
-
素材評(píng)分榜
素材排行榜
-
猜你喜歡
-
- 英漢語(yǔ)言的對(duì)比ppt
- 文檔大小：1 MB
- 上傳時(shí)間：01-20
![英漢語(yǔ)言的對(duì)比ppt]()
-
- 中西餐桌禮儀對(duì)比英文ppt
- 文檔大�。�2.77 MB
- 上傳時(shí)間：12-06
![中西餐桌禮儀對(duì)比英文ppt]()
-
- 兩個(gè)企業(yè)對(duì)比ppt
- 文檔大�。�422 KB
- 上傳時(shí)間：11-11
![兩個(gè)企業(yè)對(duì)比ppt]()
-
- 寓言中的對(duì)比ppt
- 文檔大小：679 KB
- 上傳時(shí)間：10-26
![寓言中的對(duì)比ppt]()
-
- 關(guān)于正能量的ppt
- 文檔大�。�7 MB
- 上傳時(shí)間：03-04
![關(guān)于正能量的ppt]()
-
- 變色龍ppt優(yōu)秀課件
- 文檔大�。�3 MB
- 上傳時(shí)間：03-04
![變色龍ppt優(yōu)秀課件]()
-
- 兒童畫(huà)ppt課件
- 文檔大�。�5 MB
- 上傳時(shí)間：03-04
![兒童畫(huà)ppt課件]()
-
